future mobility（美国第二古老的大学）

future mobility（美国第二古老的大学）

• 美国第二古老的大学
• “在吗”英文翻译
• 谁在投资飞行汽车他们将遇到哪些障碍
• future mobility是什么意思
• 国家地理网站视频的原文

The College of William & Mary威廉及玛丽学院｜The College of William & Mary太傻留学整理 2008年08月15日 【完善院校信息】 Motto:“Hark Upon the Gale“Established:1693Type:Public universityChancellor:Sandra Day O’ConnorPresident: W. Taylor Reveley, III, InterimLocation:Williamsburg, Virginia, U.S.Campus:Small city, 1,200 acres (4.9 km2)Colors:Green, Gold and SilverNickname: TribeMascot:NoneAthletics:NCAA Division I CAAWebsite: The College of William and Mary (also known as William & Mary or W&M) is a public university located in Williamsburg, Virginia, United States. It is the second-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and is one of the original eight institutions known as Public Ivies. It is also considered a Southern Ivy.William & Mary was founded in 1693 by a Royal Charter issued by King William III and Queen Mary II, joint sovereigns of England, Scotland and Ireland. The school hosted the seat of government of the Colony of Virginia beginning in 1698 as a new capitol building was constructed nearby. In modern times, the College’s landmark Wren Building stands at at the western head of Duke of Gloucester Street opposite the reconstructed Capitol of Colonial Williamsburg.William & Mary educated U.S. Presidents Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, and John Tyler and other key figures important to the development of the nation, including U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall, Speaker of the House Henry Clay, and 16 signers of the Declaration of Independence. U.S. President George Washington received his surveyor’s certificate there and noted legal scholar George Wythe was both an early student and, later, the first head of W&M’s law school.W&M is notable in higher education for the founding of the Phi Beta Kappa academic honor society, and the first to have intalled an honor code of conduct for students.While it became a university in 1779 (it is among several institutions claiming to be the first university in the United States), the school retains the traditional “College“ in its name as was specified in its Royal Charter of 1693. The institution’s official name is The College of William and Mary in Virginia.一、Academics1、History and milestonesWilliam & Mary is the second-oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, established in 1693 (Harvard is the oldest). 1、James Monroe, 5th President of US, W&M alumnusThe College was the first to teach Political Economy; Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations was a required textbook. In the reform of 1779, William & Mary became the first college in America to become a university, establishing faculties of law and medicine; it was also the first college to establish a chair of modern languages. Chemistry was taught beginning in the nineteenth century; alumnus and future Massachusetts Institute of Technology founder William Barton Rogers served as the College’s Professor of Natural Philosophy and Chemistry from 1828-1835.Beginning with his 1778 Bill for the More General Diffusion of Knowledge, alumnus and future University of Virginia founder Thomas Jefferson was involved with efforts to secularize and reform the College’s curriculum. Jefferson guided the College to adopt the nation’s first elective system of study and to introduce the first student-adjudicated Honor System.Also at Jefferson’s behest, the College appointed his friend and mentor George Wythe as the first Professor of Law in America in 1779. John Marshall, who would later go on to become Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, was one of Wythe’s students. The College’s Marshall-Wythe School of Law is the oldest law school in the United States.William &; Mary has produced five Rhodes Scholars since 1988 and many students have won Fulbright, Truman, and Goldwater fellowships.William & Mary has increased its international presence as a “global university,“ offering exchange programs with 15 foreign foreign schools, drawing more than 12% of its undergraduates into these programs, and receiving U.S. state department grants to further expand its foreign exchange programs. Former U.S. Secretary of State Madeline Albright has called W&M International Studies Department “perhaps the finest in the nation.“ 2、Graduate placementW&M students have exceptionally high medical and law school acceptance rates hovering around 80% for both medical school and law school. In comparison, graduates of fellow Public Ivys University of Michigan and University of Virginia experience approximately 55% and 65% acceptance rates to medical school, respectively. Another Public Ivy -- UC-Berkeley -- has had an approximately 80% acceptance rate to law school for its graduates which is similar to that of W&M, but UC-Berkeley has only an approximately 63% acceptance rate to medical school .Overall, sixty percent of W&M students go on to graduate school within five years of graduation.3、RankingsFor the past several years, William and Mary has ranked as the best small public university in the nation by U.S. News and World Report. And among America’s public four-year, degree-granting institutions, William & Mary is ranked 2nd for its high graduation rate. In the August 2007 US News rankings, it is currently ranked 33rd among all national universities (it has generally ranked in the mid 20’s to very low 30’s). In the last U.S. News ranking of quality undergraduate teaching, William and Mary was ranked first among public universities and 3rd overall behind Brown and Dartmouth. Thomas Jefferson, 3rd President of the United States, W&M alumnusIn 2006, The Washington Monthly ranking, a survey which counterbalances the U.S. News rankings with a different methodology and intent (e.g., measuring the institution as an engine of service, research, and upward mobility), ranked the College 19th among U.S. universities. In 2007, The Mason School of Business at The College of William & Mary was ranked in the top 10 undergraduate programs among public universities.William and Mary’s Marshall-Wythe School of Law placed 31st in U.S. News’s law school rankings. and doctoral program in American colonial history 2nd . In 2007, Business Week ranked the College’s undergraduate business program 29th in the nation. Similarly, in 2006, the Public Accounting Report ranked the undergraduate accounting program 23rd and the graduate accounting program 24th. In 2007, a survey completed by more than 1,000 U.S. and Canadian faculty members in international relations, identified William and Mary as one of the top twenty-five colleges or universities for an undergraduate student interested in international relations. William and Mary was one of only five schools without an international relations doctoral program to place in the top 25.With respect to cost of attendance, William and Mary ranked 3rd “best value“ among America’s colleges in the latest 2007 issue of Kiplinger’s Personal Finance Magazine.According to a 2006 survey by the NCAA, William and Mary athletes were ranked 5th for graduation rates (tied with Stanford University). Of the six sports that are individually highlighted in the NCAA report, William and Mary shows a 100 percent graduation rate in three of the sports categories (football, women’s basketball and women’s track and field/cross county).In summer 2005, Newsweek Magazine dubbed the College the “hottest small state school“ based on the school’s small enrollment (for a public university) and 34 percent increase in applicants since 1999。4、Learning environmentThe State Council of Higher Education for Virginia, a state organization charged with promoting Virginia’s institutions of higher education, concluded:William & Mary is one of the nation’s premier public universities, combining the best features of an undergraduate college with those of a research university.William & Mary’s small university environment, with only 5,635 undergraduates enrolled, distinguishes it from larger research universities, and its 11:1 student-to-faculty is lower than all top public universities. 86% percent of undergraduate classes have fewer than 40 students. Many applicants indicate that they were drawn to W&M’s small-college environment.5、Graduate programsWilliam & Mary also enrolls approximately 2,000 students in the following graduate or professional schools:William & Mary Law School (Marshall-Wythe)Mason School of BusinessGraduate School of Arts and SciencesThe Thomas Jefferson Program in Public PolicySchool of EducationVirginia Institute of Marine Science6、Admissions and selectivityNationally, W&M’s acceptance rate (32%) places it among the more selective universities in the U.S. (more selective than peer institutions University of Virginia and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill according to the most recent U.S. News survey) For the Class of 2007-2008 academic year, 33% of William and Mary’s 10,845 applicants were offered admission. Of those admitted to the Class of 2011, 39% are expected to matriculate.Traditionally, more than 80% of matriculants graduate from the top 10% of their high school class and approximately 95% of those who enter W&M return their second year. It is reported that Gateway W&M has helped ensure a record number of first-generation college students in the school’s history by allowing those with lower incomes to attend the university for free. In fact, a record number of international students and first-generation college students are part of the Class of 2011. The top five overlap schools for William & Mary applicants are Cornell University, Duke University, Georgetown University, the University of Virginia, and Vanderbilt University. 二、Student life1、Campus activitiesThe College enjoys a temperate climate. In addition to renovations on the student recreation center, (including a new gym, rock climbing wall, and larger exercise rooms) the largely wooded campus has its own lake and outdoor amphitheatre. Beaches at Virginia Beach are an hour away, and Washington DC is a two and a half hour drive to the north.The College’s University Center Activities Board (UCAB) hosts concerts, comedians, and speakers on campus and in the 8,600-capacity Kaplan Arena. The campus boasts an award-winning student newspaper called The Flat Hat, as well as a student-produced online newspaper and monthly print magazine called The DoG Street Journal.2、Honor systemWilliam & Mary’s Honor System was first established by alumnus Thomas Jefferson in 1779 and is widely believed to be the nation’s first. During the orientation week, nearly every entering student recites the Honor Pledge in the Great Hall of the Wren Building pledging:As a Member of the William & Mary community I pledge, on my Honor, not to lie, cheat, or steal in either my academic or personal life. I understand that such acts violate the Honor Code and undermine the community of trust of which we are all stewards.The Honor System stands as one of the College’s most important traditions; it remains student-administered through the Honor Council with the advice of the faculty and administration of the College. The College’s Honor System is codified such that students found guilty of cheating, stealing or lying are subject to sanctions ranging anywhere from an oral warning up to expulsion.3、TraditionsWilliam & Mary has a number of traditions, including the Yule Log Ceremony, at which the president dresses as Santa Claus and reads a rendition of “How the Grinch Stole Christmas,“ the Vice-President of Student Affairs reads “Twas the Night Before Finals,“ and The Gentlemen of the College sing the song “The Twelve Days of Christmas“.Incoming freshmen participate in Opening Convocation, at which they pass through the entrance of the Wren Building and are officially welcomed as the newest members of the College. Freshmen also have the opportunity, during orientation week, to serenade the President of the College at his home with the Alma Mater song. The Senior Walk is similar, in that graduating seniors walk through the Wren Building in their “departure“ from the College. On the last day of classes, Seniors are invited to ring the bell in the cupola of the Wren Building.Unofficial traditions include the Triathlon, a set of three tasks to be completed by each student prior to graduation. These include jumping the wall of the Governor’s Palace in Colonial Williamsburg after hours, and if so inclined, running through the Boxwood Maze to the Palace itself, streaking through the Sunken Gardens, and swimming in the Crim Dell (pictured).Legends include: kissing a date on the Crim Dell Bridge results in a future marriage. The crypt under the chapel can be reached via steam ducts under the campus and were supposedly used to steal bones from the grave of Norborne Berkeley, 4th Baron Botetourt who is entombed in the Wren Chapel. Many ghosts supposedly[citation needed] haunt the older sections of this school.4、Fraternities and sororitiesWilliam & Mary has a long history of fraternities and sororities dating back to Phi Beta Kappa, the first “Greek-letter“ organization, which was founded there in 1776 . Today, Greek organizations play an important role in the College community, along with other social organizations (e.g. theatre and club sports organizations). Overall, about one-third of its undergraduates are active members of the following 14 national fraternities and 12 sororities. William & Mary is also home to several unique non-Greek social fraternities, notably the Nu Kappa Epsilon music sorority and the Queens’ Guard.5、A cappellaWilliam and Mary has eleven collegiate a cappella groups, including two Christian a cappella groups.

“在吗”英文翻译为are you there。

are

词义：名词：?公亩。动词：?是。

固定搭配：How are you?你好吗。

用法：带宾语。These?are?the?people who?are?helping?us. 这些是正在帮助我们的人。

you?

词义：代词：?你；你们。

固定搭配：Thank you?谢谢。

用法：做主语。You two seem very different to me.你们俩在我看来似乎很不同。

there

词义：名词：那个地方。形容词：在那里；在那边；在那点上。

固定搭配：Over There?那时那地。

用法：被引用。There are temporary traffic lights now at the school.那所学校现在设有临时交通信号灯。

作者简介：朱玉龙，资深电动汽车三电系统和汽车电子工程师，目前从事新能源汽车电子化工作，10年以上的新能源汽车专业从业经验，在电池系统、充电系统和电子电气架构方面有较深的认识和实践，著有《汽车电子硬件设计》，开设《汽车电子设计》公众号。

今年春节真是多事之秋，新冠病毒引发的疫情已经改变了我们这段时间的生活，甚至改变过年的文化——各个地方封高速封路，你有车也没地方开去，再牛的车，你还能脱离道路？而NBA超级巨星科比·布莱恩特由于直升机事故辞世，让人感伤不已。于是有人想到，如果有飞行汽车会怎样？实际上飞行汽车的发展，现在还处在早期阶段，这种新型的交通工具是否能改变世界，可能是未来2030和2040年的事情。整个投资情况和发展障碍，我们可以通过这篇文章做一些梳理。

1）?飞行汽车的投资情况

这个概念其实在很早就做出来了，美国航空先驱Glenn?Curtiss?在飞机演化中就把汽车+飞机(autoplane)结合起来，形成一种可拆卸机翼的三座汽车兼飞机，不过结合的特点就是既打不过汽车也打不过直升机。随着技术的革新，部分创业企业使用电动或混合电动垂直起降(eVTOL)的飞行汽车改进款，主要是通过不同的设计，希望实现比传统直升机更快、更安静、更低成本的载客和载物，从而通过较大规模的空中出行来改变现有的交通格局。

图1?飞行汽车雏形

从整个时间线来看，之前有很多的企业都参与了这个过程，大概从2010年开始创业公司和航空制造行业的概念项目被展示出来——开始是按照未来交通工具打造的。下图是根据3年前德勤报告里面整理的，我们看到很大一部分概念飞行汽车是基于电池能量源，采用电气化驱动的动力开发的。

图2?根据德勤报告的梳理按照属地再分离的时间线

备注：两年前德勤发表了《Elevating?the?future?of?mobility》(移动出行的未来之飞行汽车)有一个时间线。

研发飞行汽车其实挺花钱的，主要买单的企业分为传统制造业（汽车公司）和科技公司。最近来看，投入资金比较多的是丰田，其投资了3.94亿美元参与美国joby?aviation公司的c轮5.9亿美元融资；当然也有奥迪宣布停止Pop.Up?NEXT项目的研发工作，暂停与空中客车公司的合作关系；而吉利收购了美国的Terrafugia，又投资德国的Volocopter，本质还是隶属于美国的技术想要拓展太难了。

?图3?投资飞行汽车的车企概览

?2）?发展飞行汽车的主要障碍

在德勤的另一篇报告里面，做了一些罗列，在一系列的考虑中，技术难点的突破可能只是个小问题，而一大堆客观现实的问题在中国根本不是民营企业层面能解决的事情。不过就国外的开发来看，这些初创的飞行汽车制造商还有相关的投资者持续发力，未来10-20年，随着原型机的不断完善，对于这些地区的来说，驾驶飞行汽车出行还是有可能的。

而未来飞行汽车主要的应用场景，是在城市和郊区的出行，当然初期是面向富裕人群的使用。因此现在的直升机开发商和制造企业面临着被颠覆的风险，这个像Tesla结合电动汽车和自动驾驶汽车，对传统汽车行业的影响，初期是高技术高门槛，随着电动化和感知技术的改进，大概用10年-15年能形成一定的市场基础。

图4?飞行汽车的主要障碍

小结：

中国科技树点得很快，30年走完发达国家100年走的路，随着汽车市场的饱和，大量的工程技术人员干什么？我觉得未来，大部分能做的是做高技术领域，集中力量搞定半导体以后还是针对未来的出行——这种人类具备普适性的需求去解决问题。

文｜朱玉龙

图｜朱玉龙?网络及相关截图

future mobility未来的流动性 双语例句1This paper is revelatory of future study on social stratification and occupational mobility. 本文对未来的社会分层和职业流动研究具有一定启示作用。 2We came up with a second idea for a taller car, the future mobility loft. 另一个创意中，车子的高度要高一些，它又叫未来移动阁楼。

Robots Personified 8/20/2008 1:36:03 PM Robot who imitates human expressionsThe skinless face, with blood-vessels and tendons on show, changes--showing a snarl, followed by a smile, then surprise. This is one of the latest generation of robots on display recently at the SIGGRAPH Conference and Exhibition in Los Angeles. An animatronic robot head mimics human physical actions as eyes move and lips part. The goal is to get robots to interact with us in the future and the more human they appear, it is thought the more willing we will be to use use them. M.K.Haley, of New Tech Demos, says developers now are using new methodology to communicate expressions never seen in the past. She says the robot’s lifelike expressions are created by mimicking human muscles and tendons and the robot’s lack of skin shows this off.Another advancement on display was the robot ’Nexi’ made by students at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst (MIT) to respond to people with face gestures and speech. When you speak, the robot’s face follows your face and its expressions hint at human feelings. Mickey Siegel of MIT’s Media Lab says the robot has 21 different components in its face which create the expressions.Another robotic advancement shows is an animatronic arm that mimics real human movements.There are now two different directions robotics are following. One is ’photo real’, which refers to the the work seen here which is a very accurate representation of human emotions down to the smallest detail of eyebrows and muscles and how eyes connect.These expressions make people feel at ease, especially seniors and toddlers.The other type of robots being built are the ones that do chores or play games and are considered the ’workhorses’. One application for the ’workhorse’ may be to have a robot in a hospital doing mundane things such as delivering food or medicine or they could help check people in and out, freeing up staff to roam and communicate socially with patients.Another type of robot on display was the agile and fast moving UBot-5, which was also made by students at MIT. A small, shiny, lightweight robot designed to be economical, capable, durable and safe to operate. Movements are so advanced, it gracefully zips around quickly up to 12km (7 miles) per hour and can’t be knocked over. Balancing on two wheels, the UBot-5 behaves much like an inverted pendulum and able to turn, bend, stop quickly and even descend as if doing push up movements.Siegel says that mobility and dexterity are also important features in robots. Glenn Morrell, a visitor to the exhibition says that young people are much more technically savvy than his generation and he thinks they are certain to want these kinds of robots.Terry Vanden Akker, graphic designer and artist says people are so much more open to the idea of robots these days.